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📝 Revision Notes
Key takeaways from today’s quiz to strengthen your preparation
Aviation
Noida International Airport (Jewar) — Phase 1
Inaugurated by PM Modi on 28 March 2026; developed by Zurich Airport International AG under PPP (Rs 11,200 crore). IATA code: DXN. Phase 1 capacity: 12 MPPA (scalable to 70 MPPA with 5 runways by 2040); 3,900-metre runway. Delhi-NCR’s second international airport alongside IGI Airport (DEL). Located at Yamuna Expressway, Gautam Buddha Nagar, UP.
Aviation
Jewar Airport — Cargo & MRO
Integrated Cargo Terminal: initial capacity 2.5 lakh metric tonnes/year (scalable to 18 lakh MT). Dedicated 40-acre MRO facility to reduce India’s overseas maintenance dependence. Full vision investment: Rs 29,560 crore (all phases). Multi-modal hub with planned road, rail, metro connectivity.
Maritime
India’s First Port of Refuge (PoR)
Operationalised by APSEZ on 27 March 2026: Dighi Port (Maharashtra, west coast) and Gopalpur Port (Odisha, east coast). Services: salvage/wreck removal, firefighting, pollution containment, emergency coordination. Defined by IMO; backed by tripartite MoU with SMIT Salvage and MERC. India’s coastline: over 11,000 km.
Literature
Saraswati Samman 2025
Awarded to Dr. Ramkumar Mukhopadhyay for Bengali novel ‘Hara Parbati Katha’ (2020). Bengali literature receiving the award after a 22-year gap. Instituted by K.K. Birla Foundation (1991); carries Rs 15 lakh cash + citation + plaque. Inaugural award to Harivanshrai Bachchan in 1991. Recognises works in any of India’s 22 scheduled languages.
Climate
India’s NDC 2031–2035
Three key targets: (1) Reduce GDP emissions intensity by 47% by 2035 vs 2005 levels; (2) Achieve 60% non-fossil power capacity by 2035; (3) Create 3.5–4 billion tonnes CO₂ equivalent carbon sink via forest cover. Already achieved: 36% intensity reduction (2005–2020); 52.57% non-fossil capacity (Feb 2026). India’s NDC first submitted in 2015, updated 2022.
Aviation
Modified UDAN Scheme
Approved by Union Cabinet: outlay Rs 28,840 crore over FY2027–FY2036 (10 years). Targets 120 new destinations in Tier-2/Tier-3 cities; expected to serve 40 million passengers. Provides Viability Gap Funding (VGF) to airlines on regional routes. Original UDAN launched October 2016; full name: Ude Desh Ka Aam Naagrik.
Digital Governance
IVFRT Scheme Extension
Immigration, Visa, Foreigners Registration & Tracking — extended April 1, 2026 to March 31, 2031 (5 years); budget Rs 1,800 crore. Implemented by MHA through Bureau of Immigration (BoI). Aligns with the new Immigration and Foreigners Act, 2025. A Mission Mode Project under National e-Governance Plan (NeGP); originally approved in May 2010.
Health
World Bipolar Day — 30 March
Jointly organised by ISBD, IBPF, and ANBD. Date chosen to mark the birthday of Vincent van Gogh (30 March 1853), posthumously diagnosed with bipolar disorder. 2026 theme: ‘#BipolarStrong’. First observed 30 March 2014. Global prevalence: 1–5%; WHO lists it as the 6th leading cause of disability. Awareness symbol: green ribbon.
Digital Governance
BHASHINI–PFRDA MoU
Signed 25 March 2026 (‘BHASHINI for Seva–Sanchalan’); enables multilingual pension access in all 22 Eighth Schedule languages. BHASHINI (Digital India BHASHa Interface for India) is India’s AI-driven language initiative under National Language Translation Mission, implemented by MeitY. BHASHINI overall supports 36 Indian languages, 23 voices, 35 international languages. PFRDA oversees NPS and Atal Pension Yojana (APY).
Geopolitics / Maritime
APSEZ & India’s Maritime Readiness
APSEZ is India’s largest port operator, handling ~27% of India’s port cargo across 15 ports. The Port of Refuge initiative is India’s first formal emergency maritime framework. Partner: SMIT Salvage (division of Royal Boskalis Westminster NV, the Netherlands). India’s location along key global shipping routes — including the Malacca Strait and Persian Gulf corridors — makes PoR strategically vital.
🎴 Revision Flashcards
Click each card to flip and test your recall
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What is the IATA code of Noida International Airport at Jewar?
DXN
Developed by Zurich Airport International AG; inaugurated 28 March 2026
Tap to Reveal
Which two ports were designated as India’s first Port of Refuge by APSEZ?
Dighi Port (Maharashtra) & Gopalpur Port (Odisha)
West coast + East coast; operationalised 27 March 2026
Tap to Reveal
Who won the Saraswati Samman 2025 and for which book?
Dr. Ramkumar Mukhopadhyay — ‘Hara Parbati Katha’
Bengali novel (2020); Bengali winning after 22-year gap
Tap to Reveal
What is India’s NDC emissions intensity reduction target by 2035?
47% reduction (vs 2005 levels)
NDC 2031–35; also targets 60% non-fossil power capacity
Tap to Reveal
What does IVFRT stand for?
Immigration, Visa, Foreigners Registration & Tracking
Extended to March 2031; Rs 1,800 crore; MHA / Bureau of Immigration
Tap to Reveal
Why is World Bipolar Day observed on 30 March?
Birthday of Vincent van Gogh (30 March 1853)
Posthumously diagnosed with bipolar disorder; 2026 theme: #BipolarStrong
Tap to Reveal
How many languages does the BHASHINI–PFRDA MoU cover for pension services?
22 (all Eighth Schedule languages)
BHASHINI itself supports 36 Indian + 35 international languages
Tap to Reveal
What is the financial outlay and passenger target of the Modified UDAN scheme?
Rs 28,840 crore; 40 million passengers
10-year scheme (FY2027–FY2036); 120 new destinations
Think & Discuss
India’s Aviation Expansion vs Climate Commitments: Can Both Coexist?
Context from today’s quiz: India simultaneously approved the Modified UDAN scheme (Rs 28,840 crore to connect 120 new destinations) and submitted its strongest-ever NDC targets — including a 47% emissions intensity reduction by 2035 and 60% non-fossil power capacity. Aviation is among the fastest-growing sources of carbon emissions globally.
🤔 Your Perspective Matters
India’s ambitious regional connectivity push — through UDAN, new greenfield airports like Jewar, and MRO ecosystem development — signals a commitment to democratising air travel for Tier-2 and Tier-3 India. At the same time, India has pledged some of its most stringent climate targets under the Paris Agreement framework.
Can India expand aviation infrastructure at scale while meeting its NDC emissions targets — or does one necessarily come at the cost of the other?
Can India expand aviation infrastructure at scale while meeting its NDC emissions targets — or does one necessarily come at the cost of the other?
- Should India prioritise sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) mandates and carbon offset requirements as a condition of UDAN subsidies, or would this make regional routes financially unviable?
- Jewar Airport’s MRO hub is designed to reduce overseas maintenance dependence — does building domestic aviation capacity also serve India’s green transition by reducing long-distance ferry flights for servicing?
- How should India balance the equity argument (making air travel accessible to millions of new passengers) against the environmental externalities of aviation expansion?
We’d love to hear your thoughts! Share your perspective in the comments.
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