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📝 Revision Notes
Key takeaways from today’s quiz to strengthen your preparation
Infrastructure
Mumbai-Nagpur Natural Gas Pipeline
GAIL completed the 694-km Mumbai-Nagpur Natural Gas Pipeline. About 96% runs within a 3-metre utility corridor along the Samruddhi Mahamarg expressway. Demonstrates the PM GatiShakti model of integrated transport and utility planning.
Judiciary & Constitution
SC Ruling on Unreserved Category Seats
Supreme Court ruled that unreserved (general) category seats are open to all candidates on merit, including reserved category candidates who qualify without concessions. Based on Article 14 (Right to Equality) and Article 16 (Equal Opportunity in Public Employment). Applies merit-induced shift principle.
Geography
Finke River – World’s Oldest River
Finke River (also called Larapinta) is the world’s oldest surviving river system, dating back 300-400 million years. Located in central Australia. Cuts through the MacDonnell Ranges, proving it’s an antecedent river that predates the mountains.
Banking & Finance
RBI’s Central Complaints Processing Centre
RBI announced Central Complaints Processing Centre (CRPC). Revised Integrated Ombudsman Scheme effective from 1 July 2026. Features: no dispute amount limit, compensation up to ₹30 lakh, centralised complaints with faster scrutiny for enhanced consumer protection.
Sports – Chess
Aaryan Varshney – India’s 92nd GM
Aaryan Varshney achieved the Grandmaster title, becoming India’s 92nd Chess Grandmaster. Secured final norm at a tournament in Armenia. Hails from Delhi. Continues India’s rising dominance in international chess.
Technology
Google’s TranslateGemma AI Models
TranslateGemma is Google’s new suite of open translation AI models launched on 15 January 2026. Built on Gemma 3. Supports 55 languages. Available in 4B, 12B, and 27B parameter sizes. Designed for mobile, local, and cloud environments.
Culture & Festivals
Sammakka-Saralamma Jatara
Asia’s largest tribal festival, held in Telangana at Medaram village, Mulugu district. Honours ancestral goddesses of the Koya Adivasi community. Devotees offer ‘Bangaram’ (jaggery) instead of gold. Biennial festival attracting over 1 crore devotees, second only to Kumbh Mela.
Geography
Mount Elbrus – Europe’s Highest Peak
Mount Elbrus is the highest mountain in Europe at 5,642 metres. An ancient, extinct volcano in the Caucasus mountain system. Located in southwestern Russia near Georgia border. One of the Seven Summits for mountaineers.
Environment & Wildlife
Dugong Conservation Centre in Tamil Nadu
Dugong (called ‘sea cow’) is a large marine mammal feeding exclusively on seagrass. IUCN status: Vulnerable. A keystone species. International Dugong Conservation Centre proposed at Manora, Thanjavur (Tamil Nadu). Expert Appraisal Committee asked for design revision.
Geography
Dardanelles Strait
Dardanelles Strait connects the Aegean Sea (Mediterranean arm) to the Sea of Marmara. Located entirely within Turkey, about 61 km long. Ancient name: Hellespont. Dardanelles + Bosphorus = only sea route between Black Sea and Mediterranean.
🎴 Revision Flashcards
Click each card to flip and test your recall
Tap to Reveal
What is the length of GAIL’s Mumbai-Nagpur gas pipeline?
694 km
96% along Samruddhi Mahamarg | PM GatiShakti model
Tap to Reveal
Which constitutional articles govern the SC ruling on general category seats?
Articles 14 and 16
Right to Equality & Equal Opportunity in Employment
Tap to Reveal
Where is the world’s oldest river (Finke River) located?
Australia
Also called Larapinta | 300-400 million years old
Tap to Reveal
When does RBI’s revised Integrated Ombudsman Scheme become effective?
1 July 2026
No dispute limit | Compensation up to ₹30 lakh
Tap to Reveal
Which numbered Grandmaster is Aaryan Varshney for India?
92nd Grandmaster
From Delhi | Final norm in Armenia
Tap to Reveal
How many languages does Google’s TranslateGemma support?
55 languages
Built on Gemma 3 | 4B, 12B, 27B parameter sizes
Tap to Reveal
Which is the highest mountain in Europe?
Mount Elbrus
5,642 m | Caucasus, Russia | One of Seven Summits
Tap to Reveal
What does the Dardanelles Strait connect?
Aegean Sea to Sea of Marmara
61 km | In Turkey | Ancient name: Hellespont
Think & Discuss
Merit vs Reservation: Balancing Equality of Opportunity with Social Justice
Context from today’s quiz: The Supreme Court recently ruled that unreserved (general) category seats are open to all candidates on merit, including those from reserved categories who qualify without concessions. This judgment, based on Articles 14 (Right to Equality) and 16 (Equal Opportunity in Public Employment), applies the principle of ‘merit-induced shift.’
🤔 Your Perspective Matters
India’s reservation system, designed to address historical discrimination and promote social justice, has evolved through decades of constitutional interpretation. The recent Supreme Court ruling affirms that candidates from reserved categories who achieve merit-level scores should be counted against general category seats, preserving reserved seats for those who genuinely need them. This raises complex questions about how India balances individual merit with collective social goals.
Does the ‘merit-induced shift’ principle strengthen or weaken the original intent of India’s reservation system, and how should the nation evolve its approach to affirmative action in a changing society?
Does the ‘merit-induced shift’ principle strengthen or weaken the original intent of India’s reservation system, and how should the nation evolve its approach to affirmative action in a changing society?
- Should economic criteria gradually supplement or replace caste-based reservations as India’s economy grows and social mobility increases?
- How can India ensure that reservation benefits reach the truly disadvantaged rather than being cornered by the relatively privileged within reserved categories (the ‘creamy layer’ debate)?
- What lessons can India draw from other countries’ experiences with affirmative action, and how might AI-driven recruitment systems impact the implementation of reservation policies?
We’d love to hear your thoughts! Share your perspective in the comments.
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