1 June 2026 — Daily Current Affairs Quiz
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International
World Milk Day 2026 — Theme, FAO & India’s Dairy Sector
Observed 1 June 2026. Theme: ‘Celebrating Women Farmers’. Established 2001 by FAO (UN, HQ: Rome; founded 16 October 1945). India: world’s largest milk producer (~22% global output, ~240 million tonnes/yr); dairy employs ~80 million farmers. White Revolution (Operation Flood): led by Dr Verghese Kurien (Father of White Revolution). NDDB (National Dairy Development Board) headquartered at Anand, Gujarat. 2025 theme: ‘Dairy on the menu: Nourishing families across the globe.’
Governance
South Coast Railway Zone (SCoR) — India’s 18th Railway Zone
Operations began 1 June 2026; India now has 18 railway zones. HQ: Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. First GM: Sandeep Mathur. Four divisions: Vijayawada, Guntur, Guntakal (from South Central Railway) + Visakhapatnam (from Waltair Division, East Coast Railway). Network: 3,532 km, 385 stations. Gazetted 4 May 2026; new 18-star logo unveiled 27 May 2026. Legal basis: AP Reorganisation Act, 2014. Railway Minister: Ashwini Vaishnaw.
Climate
ALMM List-II — Solar PV Cell Mandatory Sourcing
ALMM = Approved List of Models and Manufacturers (MNRE; original order: 2 January 2019). List-II (Solar PV Cells): mandatory from 1 June 2026 — 9 domestic manufacturers, cumulative capacity 13,067 MW. Applies to all net-metering and open access RE projects commissioned on or after 1 June 2026. Goal: reduce China import dependence (Atmanirbhar Bharat). List-III (solar ingots & wafers): effective 1 June 2028. India target: 500 GW non-fossil capacity by 2030 (currently ~156 GW). MNRE Minister: Pralhad Joshi.
Defence
BrahMos Exports — Philippines, Vietnam & Indo-Pacific Defence Diplomacy
BrahMos: joint venture between India (DRDO/BrahMos Aerospace) and Russia (NPO Mashinostroyeniya). Name: Brahmaputra + Moskva. Speed: Mach 2.8–3.0; range: ~450 km (extended). First-ever export customer: Philippines (January 2022, ~USD 375 million). Vietnam deal finalised 30 May 2026 (Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh). Indonesia: negotiations in final stages. Aligns with India’s Act East Policy and Indo-Pacific defence diplomacy. Malaysia, Thailand also in discussions.
Geopolitics
India–Myanmar Relations — Policy Frameworks & Presidential Visit
Myanmar President U Min Aung Hlaing visited India 30 May – 2 June 2026 (elected April 2026 after end of military rule). India’s framework for Myanmar: Neighbourhood First, Act East, and MAHASAGAR (Maritime And Humanitarian Action, Security And Growth for All in the Region). India-Myanmar border: 1,640 km (Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Manipur, Nagaland). Key project: Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project. Itinerary: Bodh Gaya (30 May) → New Delhi summit (1 June) → Mumbai (2 June).
Defence
DRDO — Full Form, Founding & Key Achievements
DRDO = Defence Research and Development Organisation; founded 1958, MoD; HQ: New Delhi; 51+ laboratories. DRDO Chairman = Secretary, DDR&D. Dr Samir V Kamat retired 31 May 2026; additional charge to Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh (1989-batch IAS, Kerala cadre; Def Sec since 1 Nov 2024). Key achievements: BrahMos (with Russia), Agni/Prithvi missiles, Tejas fighter, Arjun MBT, Astra BVRAAM. Kamat: alumnus of IIT Kharagpur and Ohio State University.
Defence
Project 75-I — Type 214 Submarines & MDL Partnership
Project 75-I: acquisition of 6 advanced submarines with foreign technology transfer. Near-finalised deal: HDW Class 214 (Type 214) submarines — ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems (TKMS), Germany + Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Ltd (MDL), Mumbai. Key feature: Air-Independent Propulsion (AIP) for extended submerged operations. Earlier Phase (Project 75): 6 Scorpene-class submarines, Naval Group (France/DCNS); last — INS Vagsheer commissioned 2023. MDL: premier submarine-building shipyard under MoD. Part of Atmanirbhar Bharat defence procurement.
International
Global Day of Parents — UNGA Resolution & 2026 Theme
Observed 1 June annually. Established by UNGA Resolution A/RES/66/292 (adopted 17 September 2012); first observed 1 June 2013. 2026 theme: ‘Together for Parents’. Links to SDG 3 (Good Health), SDG 4 (Quality Education), SDG 16 (Peace & Justice). Common exam trap: A/RES/47/193 (1992) = World Water Day (22 March). Distinct from International Day of Families (15 May) established by UNGA Res. 47/237 (1993).
Environment
Amolops kamal — New Frog Species & India’s Biodiversity Hotspots
New cascade frog Amolops kamal discovered near Singrep village, Kiphire district, Nagaland on 29 May 2026. Nagaland falls within the Himalaya biodiversity hotspot (Conservation International). India’s 4 globally recognised biodiversity hotspots: Himalaya, Indo-Burma, Western Ghats & Sri Lanka, Sundaland. Total global hotspots: 36. Cascade frogs (genus Amolops): near fast-flowing streams; sensitive water quality indicators. India’s herpetofauna: ~600+ amphibian species, many endemic to Northeast India.
Education
India’s Research Integrity Crisis — NIRF & Retraction Problem
India: 3rd globally in research publications but ~20% of global retractions (only ~5% of global publications). NIRF (National Institutional Ranking Framework; Ministry of Education, 2015): ~30% weightage to research output — drives ‘publish more, rank higher’. Issues: predatory journals, paper mills, citation manipulation, no independent Research Integrity Office (RIO). Clarivate ‘Top 1%’ list (penalises retractions): 5 Indian researchers; Stanford list: 6,000+ Indians. India R&D spend: ~0.65% of GDP. Reform recommendations: evaluate best 3–5 papers, mandatory third-party verification.
🎴 Revision Flashcards
Click each card to flip and test your recall
Tap to Reveal
What is World Milk Day 2026 theme and who established the day?
‘Celebrating Women Farmers’ — FAO (UN), established 2001
India: world’s largest milk producer (~22%); NDDB at Anand, Gujarat; Dr Verghese Kurien
Tap to Reveal
How many railway zones does India now have, and who is SCoR’s first General Manager?
18 railway zones — Sandeep Mathur (SCoR, HQ Visakhapatnam)
Operations from 1 June 2026; 4 divisions; 3,532 km; AP Reorganisation Act 2014
Tap to Reveal
Which country was the first-ever export customer of BrahMos and when?
Philippines — January 2022 (~USD 375 million)
Vietnam deal: 30 May 2026; BrahMos = Brahmaputra + Moskva; Mach 2.8–3.0, ~450 km range
Tap to Reveal
What are the three policy pillars of India’s framework for Myanmar?
Neighbourhood First + Act East + MAHASAGAR
India-Myanmar border: 1,640 km; Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project
Tap to Reveal
What submarines are being acquired under Project 75-I and who is the Indian shipyard partner?
HDW Class 214 (Type 214) — TKMS (Germany) + MDL, Mumbai
Feature: Air-Independent Propulsion (AIP); Project 75 used Scorpene-class (Naval Group/France)
Tap to Reveal
Which UNGA resolution established Global Day of Parents and in which year was it first observed?
A/RES/66/292 (17 September 2012) — first observed 1 June 2013
Trap: A/RES/47/193 (1992) = World Water Day (22 March), not Global Day of Parents
Tap to Reveal
Which biodiversity hotspot covers Nagaland, and how many hotspots does India have in total?
Himalaya hotspot — India has 4 hotspots (Himalaya, Indo-Burma, Western Ghats & Sri Lanka, Sundaland)
Amolops kamal: new cascade frog, Kiphire district, Nagaland (29 May 2026); 36 hotspots globally
Tap to Reveal
What does ALMM stand for, and which list became mandatory from 1 June 2026?
Approved List of Models and Manufacturers — List-II (Solar PV Cells) mandatory from 1 June 2026
9 domestic manufacturers; 13,067 MW capacity; List-III (ingots & wafers) from 1 June 2028
Think & Discuss
India’s Defence Exports Boom: Can BrahMos and Project 75-I Transform India into a Major Global Arms Exporter?
Context from today’s quiz: India has finalised a BrahMos supersonic cruise missile deal with Vietnam (30 May 2026), following the landmark Philippines deal in January 2022 — making it the first Indian missile system to be exported. Simultaneously, India is nearing finalisation of the Project 75-I submarine deal (HDW Class 214, TKMS Germany + MDL Mumbai), one of India’s biggest-ever defence acquisitions under the Atmanirbhar Bharat programme. India has set an ambitious target of USD 5 billion in defence exports by 2025, yet actual exports remain well below that figure. The BrahMos momentum in Southeast Asia aligns directly with India’s Act East Policy and MAHASAGAR framework for the Indo-Pacific.
🤔 Your Perspective Matters
India’s defence export story is being written in real time — from BrahMos going to the Philippines and Vietnam, to Tejas interest from Malaysia and Argentina, to DRDO’s growing portfolio. Yet India still imports ~65% of its defence requirements, and Project 75-I involves significant foreign technology transfer.
Can India credibly become a top-10 global defence exporter by 2035, or does the gap between ‘Make in India’ in defence and genuine indigenous capability remain too wide — and what structural reforms are needed to bridge it?
Can India credibly become a top-10 global defence exporter by 2035, or does the gap between ‘Make in India’ in defence and genuine indigenous capability remain too wide — and what structural reforms are needed to bridge it?
- BrahMos succeeds partly because it is a genuine Indo-Russian co-development with real combat credibility. How should India replicate this model — should it prioritise co-development with Western partners (for tech transfer) or double down on fully indigenous platforms like Tejas and Astra, even if timelines slip?
- Project 75-I’s Type 214 submarines will be built at MDL Mumbai with AIP technology from Germany. Does this represent true ‘Atmanirbhar Bharat’ in defence — or is it strategic dependency by another name? Where should India draw the line between technology transfer and genuine self-reliance?
- India’s ALMM policy for solar PV cells (mandating domestic sourcing from 1 June 2026) mirrors the logic of defence indigenisation — reducing strategic import dependence. What lessons can India’s renewable energy localisation strategy offer for defence manufacturing, and vice versa?
We’d love to hear your thoughts! Share your perspective in the comments.
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