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📝 Revision Notes
Key takeaways from today’s quiz to strengthen your preparation
Education
Samagra Shiksha Scheme & Three-Language Formula
The Centre withheld ₹2,152 crore from Tamil Nadu under the Samagra Shiksha Scheme for not implementing the NEP 2020’s three-language formula. Tamil Nadu has followed a two-language policy (Tamil and English) since 1968, making this a long-standing Centre-state dispute.
Heritage & Culture
Maratha Military Landscape – UNESCO Nomination
The Maratha Military Landscape of India nomination includes 12 forts — 11 in Maharashtra and 1 in Tamil Nadu (Gingee Fort, known as the “Troy of the East”). These 17th–19th century forts showcase Maratha military architecture and strategic brilliance.
Business & Economy
Global Talent Shortage by 2030
The FICCI-KPMG study titled ‘Global Mobility of Indian Workforce’ projects a global talent shortage of 85.2 million workers by 2030, potentially causing $8.45 trillion in unrealized annual revenue. This highlights India’s opportunity as a global talent supplier.
Technology
DeepCXR – AI Tool for TB Screening
DeepCXR is an AI-based chest X-ray tool developed by the Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar. Trained on 54,000 X-ray images, it has been approved by ICMR for TB screening under the National TB Elimination Program, advancing India’s goal of TB-free India by 2025.
Defence
F-35 Lightning II Fighter Jet
The F-35 Lightning II is a fifth-generation stealth fighter manufactured by Lockheed Martin. It has three variants: F-35A (USAF conventional), F-35B (USMC short takeoff/vertical landing), and F-35C (USN carrier-based). It is part of the largest multinational defense program.
Mining & Resources
Reclassification of Minerals
The Ministry of Mines reclassified Barytes, Feldspar, Mica, and Quartz from minor to major minerals. This was done because they contain critical elements — Beryl, Lithium, Niobium, and Tantalum — essential for electronics, EV batteries, and strategic industries.
Heritage & Culture
Ratnagiri Buddhist Heritage Site
A 1.4-meter Buddha head — the largest found in Odisha and possibly India — was discovered at Ratnagiri in Jajpur district, Odisha. Ratnagiri is part of the “Diamond Triangle” of Buddhist heritage along with Lalitgiri and Udayagiri.
Geopolitics
Gulf of Tonkin – Vietnam-China Dispute
The Gulf of Tonkin is located in the northwestern South China Sea, bordered by Vietnam (west) and China (north & east). Vietnam recently published a map defining its baseline claim in the gulf, aligning with UNCLOS 1982, amid ongoing maritime territorial disputes.
International
India’s Humanitarian Aid to Honduras
India dispatched 26 tons of humanitarian aid to Honduras following devastation by Tropical Storm SARA. Honduras is a Central American country bordered by Guatemala, El Salvador, and Nicaragua. This reflects India’s growing role in global disaster relief diplomacy.
Heritage & Culture
Gingee Fort – The Troy of the East
Gingee Fort in Tamil Nadu is the only fort outside Maharashtra in the Maratha Military Landscape UNESCO nomination. Known as the “Troy of the East”, it served as a Maratha capital under Rajaram (Shivaji’s son) in the 1690s, highlighting Maratha influence beyond Maharashtra.
🎴 Revision Flashcards
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How much funding did the Centre withhold from Tamil Nadu under Samagra Shiksha?
₹2,152 Crore
Due to refusal to implement NEP 2020’s three-language formula
Tap to Reveal
How many forts are in the Maratha Military Landscape UNESCO nomination?
12 Forts
11 in Maharashtra + 1 in Tamil Nadu (Gingee Fort)
Tap to Reveal
What is the projected global talent shortage by 2030 per FICCI-KPMG?
85.2 Million Workers
Could result in $8.45 trillion in unrealized annual revenue
Tap to Reveal
Which institution developed the DeepCXR AI tool for TB screening?
Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar
Trained on 54,000 X-ray images; approved by ICMR
Tap to Reveal
Which company manufactures the F-35 Lightning II?
Lockheed Martin
Three variants: F-35A (USAF), F-35B (USMC), F-35C (USN)
Tap to Reveal
Which minerals were reclassified as ‘major minerals’ by the Ministry of Mines?
Barytes, Feldspar, Mica, Quartz
Contain critical elements: Beryl, Lithium, Niobium, Tantalum
Tap to Reveal
Where is the Ratnagiri Buddhist Heritage Site located?
Jajpur District, Odisha
Part of the “Diamond Triangle” with Lalitgiri & Udayagiri
Tap to Reveal
Which two countries border the Gulf of Tonkin?
Vietnam & China
Located in the northwestern South China Sea
Think & Discuss
Centre-State Tensions Over Education Policy: Can India Balance Linguistic Diversity with National Integration?
Context from today’s quiz: The Centre withheld ₹2,152 crore from Tamil Nadu under the Samagra Shiksha Scheme for refusing to implement the NEP 2020’s three-language formula. Tamil Nadu has maintained a two-language policy since 1968, viewing the three-language formula as an imposition of Hindi. This raises fundamental questions about cooperative federalism, linguistic rights, and education policy in a diverse democracy.
🤔 Your Perspective Matters
India’s linguistic diversity is one of its greatest strengths, yet education policy often becomes a battleground between national integration goals and regional identity preservation. The withholding of education funds as a consequence of policy non-compliance raises important questions about how the Centre and states negotiate differences.
Should the Centre use financial leverage to enforce national education policies, or should states have greater autonomy in deciding language formulas for their schools?
Should the Centre use financial leverage to enforce national education policies, or should states have greater autonomy in deciding language formulas for their schools?
- Does withholding education funds ultimately hurt students caught in the crossfire of Centre-state disagreements?
- How can India promote multilingualism without making any single language feel imposed on states with strong regional linguistic identities?
- Are there successful models from other multilingual democracies (like Switzerland or Canada) that India could adapt for its language policy framework?
We’d love to hear your thoughts! Share your perspective in the comments.
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