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📝 Revision Notes
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Climate & Environment
Germany–India IKI Climate Grant
Germany announced a Large Grant of EUR 20 million for India under the International Climate Initiative (IKI), announced by State Secretary Jochen Flasbarth. The grant targets high-risk ecosystems: Himalayas, Western Ghats, North-East India, and the Lower Gangetic floodplains.
Infrastructure
National Waterway-2: Brahmaputra Projects
Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal (Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways) inaugurated three projects on NW-2 (River Brahmaputra) in Dibrugarh: the Bogibeel Complex, Dhubri Gateway, and the IWAI Heritage Building.
Science & Astronomy
Tamil Nadu’s First Dark Sky Park
Inaugurated at Ariyur Shola Reserve Forest, Kolli Hills, Namakkal district at a cost of Rs 1 crore. The park features three advanced telescopes and is operational from January 15 to June 15 annually — a step towards promoting astronomy and light-pollution-free zones.
Geopolitics
Iran After Khamenei: Leadership Transition
Ayatollah Ali Khamenei ruled Iran for 36 years (1989–2026) as its second Supreme Leader. After his death in US-Israel strikes, a three-member transitional council was constitutionally formed: President Pezeshkian, Supreme Court CJ Mohseni-Ejei, and cleric Alireza Arafi, to govern until the Assembly of Experts chooses a successor.
Energy Policy
E20 Petrol Mandate: April 2026
India’s Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas has mandated nationwide sale of E20 petrol (20% ethanol blend) with a minimum RON of 95 from April 1, 2026. The Ethanol Blended Petrol (EBP) Programme started in 2003 at 5% and has been progressively scaled to 20%.
Digital Governance
UIDAI–Google Maps Partnership
UIDAI partnered with Google to list verified Aadhaar service centres on Google Maps. Citizens can locate centres offering services like enrolment, address updates, and biometric correction, along with accessibility features and operating hours — improving last-mile Aadhaar service delivery.
Gender & AI
Casebook on AI and Gender Empowerment
Released at the India AI Impact Summit 2026, this casebook was co-developed by IndiaAI Mission (MeitY), UN Women, and Ministry of Women and Child Development (MoWCD). It showcases 23 AI solutions for gender equality sourced from over 50 countries.
Sports
Jammu & Kashmir: Historic Ranji Trophy Win
Jammu & Kashmir won the Ranji Trophy 2025-26 in their maiden (first-ever) final appearance, having participated in the tournament for 67 years without reaching the final. This is a watershed moment for cricket development in the union territory.
Environment
World Wildlife Day & CITES
World Wildlife Day is observed on March 3 — the date CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species) was signed in 1973. Proclaimed by the UN General Assembly, it promotes awareness about the need to protect wild fauna and flora globally.
International Relations
Iran’s Constitutional Succession Mechanism
Under Iran’s constitution, when the Supreme Leader dies or is incapacitated, a three-member leadership council assumes power temporarily. The Assembly of Experts — an 88-member clerical body — is responsible for selecting a new Supreme Leader, highlighting the theocratic governance structure of the Islamic Republic.
🎴 Revision Flashcards
Click each card to flip and test your recall
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How much did Germany grant India under IKI for climate resilience?
EUR 20 million
Announced by State Secretary Jochen Flasbarth; targets Himalayas, Western Ghats & more
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Where is Tamil Nadu’s first Dark Sky Park located?
Kolli Hills, Namakkal district
Ariyur Shola Reserve Forest; cost Rs 1 crore; 3 telescopes
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How long did Ayatollah Khamenei rule Iran?
36 years (1989–2026)
Second Supreme Leader of Islamic Republic; succeeded Ayatollah Khomeini
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From when is E20 petrol mandatory across all retail outlets in India?
April 1, 2026
20% ethanol blend; RON 95 minimum; EBP Programme started 2003
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Who did UIDAI partner with to show Aadhaar centres on maps?
Google (Google Maps)
Covers enrolment, address update, biometric services with accessibility info
Tap to Reveal
Which convention does World Wildlife Day (March 3) commemorate?
CITES (signed 1973)
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species; proclaimed by UN General Assembly
Tap to Reveal
Which river does National Waterway-2 (NW-2) follow?
River Brahmaputra
Projects inaugurated in Dibrugarh, Assam by Minister Sarbananda Sonowal
Tap to Reveal
J&K won the Ranji Trophy 2025-26 — was it their first final?
Yes — maiden final appearance
Participated for 67 years without reaching the final before this historic win
Think & Discuss
Iran Post-Khamenei: Geopolitical Tectonic Shift or Managed Transition?
Context from today’s quiz: The death of Ayatollah Ali Khamenei after 36 years of rule — triggered by US-Israel military strikes — has activated Iran’s constitutional succession mechanism. A transitional three-member council now governs while the Assembly of Experts selects a new Supreme Leader. This is arguably the most consequential geopolitical shift in West Asia in decades.
🤔 Your Perspective Matters
The elimination of a sitting Supreme Leader through external military action sets a historically unprecedented precedent in international law and regional security. Iran’s theocratic governance structure — built around Supreme Leadership since 1979 — faces its most critical stress test.
Will the power vacuum in Iran lead to democratic opening, internal fragmentation, or a hardened successor regime — and what are the implications for India’s strategic interests in the region?
Will the power vacuum in Iran lead to democratic opening, internal fragmentation, or a hardened successor regime — and what are the implications for India’s strategic interests in the region?
- Iran is India’s gateway to Central Asia via the Chabahar Port and the International North–South Transport Corridor (INSTC). How might political instability in Tehran affect these strategic projects?
- The Assembly of Experts chooses Iran’s next Supreme Leader — but can a theocratic institution produce a leader acceptable to Iran’s younger, reform-oriented population? What tensions does this create?
- With Iran’s nuclear programme, IRGC networks, and proxy alliances (Hezbollah, Houthis) now in flux, how should India calibrate its traditionally non-aligned stance in an increasingly polarised West Asia?
We’d love to hear your thoughts! Share your perspective in the comments.
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