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Culture & Heritage
Piprahwa Buddha Relics Exposition
“The Light & the Lotus: Relics of the Awakened One” exposition was inaugurated by PM Modi on January 3, 2026, at Rai Pithora Cultural Complex, New Delhi. The Piprahwa relics were discovered in 1898 by William Claxton Peppé in ancient Kapilavastu. After 127 years, the Peppé family portion was repatriated in 2025.
International Relations
G7 Summit History and Membership
The 52nd G7 Summit will be held in Évian-les-Bains, France (June 14-16, 2026). G7 members: UK, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, and USA. Formed in 1976, became G8 (1998-2014) with Russia, returned to G7 after Russia’s removal following Crimea annexation in 2014.
Environment & Wildlife
Tiger Conservation Status in India
India recorded 166 tiger deaths in 2025 (32% increase from 126 in 2024). Madhya Pradesh recorded maximum deaths (55). India has approximately 3,682 tigers (2018-2022 census), accounting for 75% of world’s tiger population. Tigers are ‘Endangered’ on IUCN Red List. Project Tiger launched in 1973.
Culture & Festivals
Gaan-Ngai Festival of Manipur
The Gaan-Ngai Festival, known as the ‘Festival of Light,’ is celebrated by the Rongmei (Kabui) Naga tribe. It is a 5-day post-harvest festival dedicated to Tingkao Ragwang, the supreme deity. Celebrated primarily in Manipur, also in Assam and Nagaland, featuring traditional dances and community feasts.
Digital Governance
MoSPI’s Data Initiative
The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation unveiled ‘Samkhiki’ as its official mascot (derived from Sanskrit ‘Sankhya’ meaning numbers/statistics). The initiative aligns with ‘Data for Development’ theme, promoting data-driven governance. The new logo incorporates the Ashok Chakra symbolizing transparency.
Urban Development
India’s First Slum-Free City
Surat, Gujarat became India’s first slum-free city through Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) implementation (2015-2022), benefiting 7 million residents. PMAY-Urban launched in 2015 with ‘Housing for All’ objective. Transformation included slum rehabilitation, infrastructure, pucca housing, and legal property rights.
International Policy
Turkmenistan’s Cryptocurrency Legalization
Turkmenistan (Capital: Ashgabat, Currency: Manat) legalized cryptocurrency mining and exchanges. The country possesses the world’s fourth-largest natural gas reserves, making it attractive for energy-intensive crypto mining. Policy includes licensing, tax structures, consumer protection, and AML/KYC regulations.
Defence & Security
Strategic Naval Base at Car Nicobar
CDS General Anil Chauhan (India’s second CDS) inaugurated a naval base at Car Nicobar near the Strait of Malacca (carrying ~40% of global trade). Part of India’s 10-channel maritime strategy. The CDS position was created in 2019 to promote tri-service integration.
Gender & Social Reform
Savitribai Phule – Pioneer of Women’s Education
January 3 marks Savitribai Phule’s 194th birth anniversary, observed as Women’s Education Day. Born in 1831, she qualified as a teacher in 1847 and established India’s first girls’ school in Pune (1848) at Bhide Wada with husband Jyotirao Phule. By 1851, they established three schools despite severe opposition.
Science & Biodiversity
Glowing Frog Discovery in Western Ghats
A rare bioluminescent ‘Glowing Frog’ was documented in Mathikettan Shola National Park, Idukki, Kerala (established 2003, 12.82 km²). Endemic to Kerala with IUCN status: Vulnerable. The Western Ghats are a UNESCO World Heritage Site (2012) and biodiversity hotspot with 179+ amphibian species, 115+ endemic.
🎴 Revision Flashcards
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What is the title of the Piprahwa relics exposition inaugurated on January 3, 2026?
The Light & the Lotus: Relics of the Awakened One
Inaugurated by PM Modi at Rai Pithora Cultural Complex, New Delhi
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Where will the 52nd G7 Summit be held in 2026?
Évian-les-Bains, France
Scheduled for June 14-16, 2026, at Hôtel Royal
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How many tiger deaths were recorded in India in 2025?
166 deaths
32% increase from 126 in 2024; Madhya Pradesh recorded maximum (55)
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Which tribe celebrates the Gaan-Ngai Festival?
Rongmei (Kabui) Naga tribe
5-day post-harvest ‘Festival of Light’ in Manipur
Tap to Reveal
What is MoSPI’s new mascot called?
Samkhiki
Derived from Sanskrit ‘Sankhya’ (numbers/statistics)
Tap to Reveal
Which city became India’s first slum-free city?
Surat, Gujarat
Through PMAY implementation (2015-2022), benefiting 7 million residents
Tap to Reveal
Where did CDS General Anil Chauhan inaugurate a strategic naval base?
Car Nicobar
Near Strait of Malacca carrying ~40% of global trade
Tap to Reveal
When is Women’s Education Day observed in India?
January 3
Savitribai Phule’s birth anniversary (born 1831)
Think & Discuss
Wildlife Conservation vs. Human Development: Balancing India’s Growth with Tiger Protection
Context from today’s quiz: India recorded 166 tiger deaths in 2025, a 32% increase from the previous year, despite having 75% of the world’s tiger population. While India has made significant progress in tiger conservation through Project Tiger (launched 1973), the increasing death toll raises questions about the effectiveness of current measures and the balance between development and conservation.
🤔 Your Perspective Matters
Tiger conservation requires extensive protected areas that often overlap with regions earmarked for infrastructure development, resource extraction, and human settlement expansion. While tigers are a national heritage and critical for ecosystem balance, millions of Indians living near tiger habitats face economic challenges and human-wildlife conflict.
How should India balance its tiger conservation goals with the development needs of local communities and the nation’s economic growth imperatives?
How should India balance its tiger conservation goals with the development needs of local communities and the nation’s economic growth imperatives?
- Should economic development projects be restricted in tiger corridors and buffer zones, even if they promise jobs and infrastructure for local communities?
- What innovative solutions can address both wildlife conservation and livelihood concerns of communities living near protected areas?
- Is India’s approach of creating more tiger reserves sustainable, or should we focus on intensive protection of existing habitats with better human-wildlife conflict management?
We’d love to hear your thoughts! Share your perspective in the comments.
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