Daily Current Affairs

• Best Performance: Environment category — 8th rank (driven by low per-capita greenhouse gas emissions)
• Lowest Rankings: Trade & Development Finance — 38th (last)
• Other Rankings: Investment – 31st, Migration – 36th, Security – 31st
• Income-adjusted rank: 29th (better performance relative to peers of similar income levels)

• 1st — Sweden
• 2nd — Germany
• 3rd — Norway
• 4th — Finland
• 5th — United Kingdom

The CDI assesses eight areas: Development Finance, Investment, Migration, Trade, Environment, Health, Security, and Technology. A total of 40 major world economies, including all G20 members, are evaluated.

• To be graced by G. Kishan Reddy (Union Minister of Coal and Mines), CM Omar Abdullah, and Deputy CM Surinder Choudhary.
• Aligns with the UT’s broader mining reforms focused on transparent mineral allocation.

• Encouraging private investment within the mining industry
• Creating new employment avenues for local communities
• Improving infrastructure around mining clusters
• Supporting cement manufacturing, infrastructure, and real estate industries

The shift to an auction-based licensing model enhances transparency and boosts Ease of Doing Business.

• Signed on 24 November 2025 in New Delhi.
• Senior leaders including Defence Production Secretary Sanjeev Kumar and Safran CEO Olivier Andries were present.
• Formalises the commitment made under the MoU signed earlier on 11 February 2025 during Aero India.

• Will operate as a 50:50 partnership between BEL and SED.
• Will focus on manufacturing, supplying, and maintaining HAMMER systems for the Indian Air Force and Indian Navy.
• Bolsters the Aatmanirbhar Bharat and Make-in-India vision.

• Shri Rajesh Kumar Singh — India’s Defence Secretary
• Dr. Mohammed Bin Naseer Bin Ali Al Zaabi — Secretary General of Defence, Oman

• Enhancing cooperation in multiple defence sectors
• Strengthening interoperability
• Building regional and international security understanding, especially regarding the Indian Ocean Region (IOR)
• Boosting defence industrial ties through joint R&D, technology sharing, and co-production initiatives
• Improving defence supply chains and supporting innovation in emerging defence technologies

• FAB will extend customised banking services, expert mentoring, and access to a wide network of investors, regulators, and corporate partners.
• Supports one of the top five winning start-ups of the UAE–India Start-Up Series.
• Will provide financial products, strategic advice, and cross-border integration under the CEPA framework.

• Hub71, Abu Dhabi’s global tech ecosystem, will induct all five winning start-ups into its Immersion Programme.
• One selected start-up will be chosen for Hub71’s Access Programme, offering a structured soft-landing in Abu Dhabi, market exploration opportunities, and complete integration into the city’s innovation ecosystem.

• Rollout begins with SMS connectivity, with voice and data services planned for 2026.
• Kyivstar, the nation’s largest telecom operator with approximately 22.5 million subscribers, will support uninterrupted communication.
• Allows regular 4G mobile phones to link directly with low-Earth orbit satellites, eliminating the need for terrestrial cell towers.

• Ensures stable communication during extended power outages, in newly liberated territories, and during rescue and humanitarian missions.
• Starlink has already deployed over 50,000 terminals for the Ukrainian military, aiding secure battlefield coordination and drone operations.
• Kyivstar has installed backup systems that can maintain network services for more than 10 hours during blackouts.

• President: Brazilian diplomat André Aranha Corrêa do Lago
• Representatives from more than 195 countries attended.
• Became the second-largest COP ever, recording 56,118 registered delegates, second only to COP28 Dubai.
• India was represented by Bhupender Yadav, Union Minister for Environment, Forest & Climate Change.
• The United States did not participate, marking its first absence.

• Located in the highly active Rift Valley, roughly 800 km from Addis Ababa near the Eritrean border.
• Generated ash plumes soaring up to 14 km, prompting alerts from aviation and monitoring bodies.
• Scientists confirmed no eruptions had occurred during the Holocene period, making this event exceptionally rare.

• Ash clouds drifted across several nations, including Yemen, Oman, India, and northern Pakistan.
• Led to reassessment of flight routes in West Asia and South Asia.
• Surrounding Ethiopian communities reported significant ashfall.

• Replaces Justice Surya Kant, who recently took oath as the 53rd Chief Justice of India.
• NALSA operates under the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987, providing free legal aid to economically weaker groups.

• The Chief Justice of India acts as the Patron-in-Chief of NALSA.
• The President of India appoints a serving or retired Supreme Court judge as the Executive Chairman.
• Justice Nath’s nomination was approved by President Droupadi Murmu.

• IIT Bombay
• IISc Bengaluru
• IIT Kanpur
• IIT Delhi

The initiative aims to enhance India’s self-reliance in quantum technologies and position the country as a global leader in advanced quantum research and innovation.

• Agreement formalized between Saeed bin Hamoud al Maawali (Oman’s Minister of Transport, Communications & IT) and Alain Faure (CEO of Airbus Space Systems).
• Marks a significant milestone in Oman’s space capabilities and communication infrastructure.

• The year 2025 also marks the 132nd birth anniversary of Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, Chairman of the Drafting Committee and the principal architect of the Constitution.
• India’s Constitution came into force on 26 January 1950, establishing the framework for the nation’s democratic governance.
• The observance seeks to raise public awareness about constitutional values and honour Dr. Ambedkar’s seminal contribution.
• The Constitution was drafted by the members of the Constituent Assembly.