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November 9, 2025

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🇮🇳 National News

India Prepares for 2026 Tiger Census: World’s Largest Wildlife Survey

India is set to launch the 2026 All India Tiger Estimation (AITE), recognized as the largest wildlife survey globally, aiming to assess tiger numbers along with the overall health of ecosystems.

🐅 Survey Details
  • Will evaluate prey availability, habitat quality, and human-wildlife interactions.
  • Conducted in three phases, combining ground-based tracking, satellite imagery, and over 40,000 AI-enabled camera traps.
  • Following the 2022 census that recorded 3,682 tigers, this technologically advanced approach will set a global benchmark in wildlife conservation science.
📊 Scale of Operation

The massive operation will involve more than 60,000 forest staff covering over 400,000 sq km across 20+ states, reflecting India’s leadership in conservation and ecological research.

Karnataka Becomes India’s First State to Introduce Paid Menstrual Leave

Karnataka has achieved a national milestone by becoming the first Indian state to provide 12 days of paid menstrual leave annually to women employees across both government and private sectors.

👩 Policy Features
  • Allows one day of leave per month, supporting women’s health, productivity, and workplace dignity.
  • Designed to foster gender equality and promote menstrual health awareness.
  • Aligns with international best practices.
  • Aims to reduce stigma around menstruation, encourage inclusive work environments, and create a health-supportive workplace culture for women.
HAL and GE Sign $1 Billion Deal for Tejas Mk 1A Engines

Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) has finalized a $1 billion agreement with General Electric (GE) to supply 113 F404-GE-IN20 engines for 97 LCA Tejas Mk 1A fighter aircraft.

✈️ Deal Highlights
  • Marks a significant step in enhancing India’s indigenous defence manufacturing capabilities and boosting self-reliance in aviation technology.
  • The Tejas Mk 1A model integrates cutting-edge avionics, improved weapons systems, and superior operational performance.
  • Deliveries will begin following final certification.
  • HAL is concurrently planning to use F414 engines for the upcoming LCA Mk 2.
  • Deepens India-US defence collaboration, bolstering the Indian Air Force’s combat readiness.
COP30 2025: Focusing on Climate Adaptation for a Sustainable Future

The COP30 Climate Summit, held in Belém, Brazil, and branded as the “COP of Adaptation,” emphasizes climate adaptation strategies — helping nations cope with floods, droughts, sea-level rise, and other climate-induced challenges.

🌍 Key Highlights
  • Over 35 countries, including India, support the $1.3 trillion Baku to Belém Roadmap.
  • Prioritizes adaptation finance, resilience-building, and climate justice.
  • Discussions focus on implementing National Adaptation Plans (NAPs), sustainable agriculture, flood protection systems, and efficient water management.
  • The summit’s broader mission is to connect climate policy with daily human experiences, ensuring that vulnerable nations and communities receive the support needed.
Raahul VS Becomes India’s 91st Chess Grandmaster

Raahul VS has attained the title of India’s 91st Chess Grandmaster (GM) after an outstanding run at the 6th ASEAN Individual Championship 2025, clinching the GM norm with one round remaining.

♟️ Achievement Details
  • He earned his International Master (IM) title in 2021.
  • His achievement underlines India’s growing dominance in global chess.
  • Raahul’s success follows the 2025 accomplishments of Illamparthi AR (90th GM) and S. Rohith Krishna (89th GM).
  • Further expands India’s impressive roster of internationally recognized chess players.

💼 Business & Economy

State Bank of India Reaches Historic $100 Billion Valuation

The State Bank of India (SBI) has made history by surpassing $100 billion in market capitalization and crossing ₹100 trillion in total business, making it the first Indian bank to achieve this dual landmark.

📈 Growth Drivers
  • Comes on the back of a strong Q2 FY26 performance, driven by 12.7% credit growth and growing investor trust.
  • Expansion across retail, SME, and agriculture lending, coupled with digital banking innovation.
💰 Key Statistics
  • Total advances: ₹44.2 lakh crore
  • Deposits: ₹55.9 lakh crore

SBI continues to serve as the cornerstone of India’s financial ecosystem and an emerging global banking force.

Sitharaman and Malhotra Outline Reforms to Reshape India’s Banking Landscape

Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman and RBI Governor Sanjay Malhotra have unveiled a reform agenda aimed at transforming India’s banking sector to make it globally competitive.

🏦 Reform Focus Areas
  • Consolidating public sector banks, easing regulations, and building a robust financial ecosystem to enhance credit availability.
  • Seeks to strengthen infrastructure financing, support MSMEs, and advance financial inclusion.
📋 Recent Initiatives
  • Lifting borrowing caps for acquisitions and IPOs
  • Reinforcing bank capital and governance standards

Together, these measures indicate a strategic drive toward a digitally advanced, efficient, and resilient banking system.

🌐 International News

China Commissions Third Aircraft Carrier ‘Fujian’ with Advanced Technology

China has officially commissioned its third aircraft carrier, ‘Fujian’, at Sanya Port, marking a major leap in its naval modernization efforts.

🚢 Fujian Specifications
  • China’s first flat-deck carrier equipped with an EMALS (Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System), enabling faster, smoother, and more powerful aircraft launches.
  • Displacement: About 80,000 tonnes
  • All-electric propulsion system
  • Surpasses its predecessors — Liaoning (2012) and Shandong (2019) — in both technology and operational capacity.
🌏 Strategic Implications

This advancement boosts China’s maritime presence in the Taiwan Strait, South China Sea, and potentially the Indian Ocean, signifying growing naval ambitions and regional assertiveness.

US Tests Minuteman III ICBM to Reinforce Strategic Readiness

The United States conducted a test of its unarmed Minuteman III intercontinental ballistic missile (GT-254) on 5 November 2025 from Vandenberg Space Force Base, California.

🚀 Test Details
  • The missile’s re-entry vehicle successfully landed near Kwajalein Atoll in the central Pacific Ocean.
  • The operation was part of routine checks to ensure reliability, readiness, and performance.
  • Included testing the Airborne Launch Control System (ALCS) from an E-6B aircraft, verifying alternative command capabilities.
  • The test reaffirmed the strategic importance of the Minuteman III within the US nuclear triad, underscoring its enduring role in deterrence and defense readiness.

🔬 Science & Technology

PM Modi Unveils NexCAR19: India’s First Indigenous CAR T-Cell Therapy

Prime Minister Narendra Modi has launched NexCAR19, India’s first homegrown CAR T-cell therapy, aimed at treating B-cell leukemia and lymphoma.

💉 Development Details
  • Developed by ImmunoACT, a startup incubated at IIT Bombay, in collaboration with Tata Memorial Hospital.
  • Supported by the Department of Biotechnology (DBT) and BIRAC, showcasing a strong public-private partnership in cutting-edge medical innovation.
  • Marks a major milestone for India’s biopharma sector, signaling the country’s advancement in personalized and cell-based therapies.

📅 Important Days

National Legal Services Day 2025 — November 9

National Legal Services Day 2025 was observed on November 9, 2025, across India.

⚖️ Key Facts
  • The objective is to enhance public awareness about the rights of litigants and the provisions of the Legal Services Authorities Act.
  • Commemorates the enactment of the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987, which came into force on November 9, 1995.
  • Serves as a reminder of India’s commitment to providing free and fair legal assistance to those in need.
World Radiography Day 2025 — November 8

World Radiography Day 2025 was celebrated on November 8, marking the discovery of X-rays in 1895 by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen.

🩻 Key Highlights
  • The day honors radiographers and radiologists for their vital contributions to diagnostics, imaging, and patient care.
  • Highlights progress in medical imaging technologies such as CT, MRI, PET, hybrid imaging, and AI-powered diagnostics.
  • Also emphasizes radiation safety and the critical role of early disease detection in modern healthcare.

🕊️ Obituaries

Passing of James D. Watson, Co-Discoverer of DNA Structure

James D. Watson, aged 97, a pioneering molecular biologist and co-discoverer of the DNA double-helix structure, has passed away in East Northport, New York.

🧬 Scientific Legacy
  • Watson, along with Francis Crick, received the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his groundbreaking discovery, which revolutionized genetics and molecular biology.
  • Served as the Director of Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, mentoring numerous scientists.
  • Authored the renowned book “The Double Helix.”
📋 Note

Despite his monumental contributions, Watson’s legacy remained controversial due to offensive comments and disputes regarding Rosalind Franklin and other peers. His death marks the end of an era in modern science.

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