Daily GK 30th October 2025

Daily Current Affairs 30th October 2025: Your guide for daily General Knowledge Preparation

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This post contains the daily current affairs 30th October 2025. It includes all National, International, Business & Sports related to Current Affairs 30th October 2025. A brief explanation of every current affair is provided to further enhance your general knowledge. Once you have gone through these Current Affairs, we would recommend you to try 30th October, 2025 Current affairs test.

BUSINESS NEWS

RBI Repatriates 64 Tonnes of Gold Between March and September 2025

• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has intensified its efforts in gold repatriation, successfully bringing back around 64 tonnes of gold to India in the six months leading up to September 2025, amid increasing global worries about the safety of sovereign assets kept overseas.
• By the end of September 2025, the RBI’s total gold reserves reached 8 tonnes, comprising 575.8 tonnes stored domestically, 290.3 tonnes held with the Bank of England and BIS, and 14 tonnes kept as deposits.
• Since March 2023, the RBI has repatriated an overall 274 tonnes of gold, driven by heightened geopolitical tensions like the Russia–Ukraine conflict and the Taliban’s rise in Afghanistan, events that led to the G7 nations seizing foreign reserves from both countries.
• Due to the global surge in gold prices, gold now constitutes 9% of India’s total foreign exchange reserves as of September 2025.
• The RBI’s total foreign currency assets stand at USD 579.18 billion, largely invested in securities and deposits with foreign central banks, while a smaller share is externally managed to ensure diversified reserve management.

JPYC Inc. Introduces World’s First Yen-Pegged Stablecoin “JPYC”

• Japanese fintech company JPYC Inc. has launched “JPYC”, the first-ever stablecoin pegged to the Japanese Yen (JPY), maintaining a consistent 1:1 value ratio with the Yen.
• The coin is entirely backed by domestic JPY deposits and Japanese Government Bonds (JGBs) to ensure price stability and compliance with financial regulations.
• The company plans to issue up to 10 trillion JPY (approximately USD 66 billion) within the next three years, indicating its ambitious goal for widespread adoption.
• Initially, JPYC transactions will be fee-free, with revenue coming from interest earned on JGB holdings.
• The stablecoin functions across Ethereum, Avalanche, and Polygon blockchains, ensuring interoperability with wallets, exchanges, and DeFi ecosystems.
• Users or partner institutions can transfer JPY to an official on-ramp, following which equivalent JPYC tokens are minted on-chain.
• This initiative signifies a major breakthrough in Japan’s digital financial evolution, introducing a secure Yen-backed blockchain payment solution that integrates traditional finance and digital innovation.

NATIONAL NEWS

Government to Reform Classification of Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs)

• The Government of India has initiated a major overhaul of how Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs) are classified and evaluated, aiming to boost efficiency, accountability, and alignment with the nation’s long-term development goals under Vision 2047.
• The new policy proposes to introduce two additional ‘Ratna’ categories alongside the existing Maharatna, Navratna, and Miniratna
• CPSEs are firms in which the Central Government owns at least 51% equity, either directly or through other CPSEs, and they are registered under the Companies Act, 2013 or established by Parliamentary Acts. Their subsidiaries are also covered under this classification.
• These enterprises play a vital role in sectors such as oil & gas, power, infrastructure, heavy industries, and defence, serving as critical drivers of national growth.
• Presently, India has 14 Maharatna, 26 Navratna, and 74 Miniratna enterprises, with each category granting varying levels of financial and operational independence.
• The upcoming reclassification seeks to modernize CPSE governance, promote sustainability, and align practices with global corporate standards.
• The evaluation process will expand beyond financial indicators to include factors like corporate governance, leadership succession, capital investment efficiency, dividend distribution, sustainability performance, and contribution toward Vision 2047.
• A 10-member committee, led by Cabinet Secretary T.V. Somanathan, will submit a detailed report before the Union Budget 2026–27.
• Currently, Maharatna companies can invest up to ₹5,000 crore without approval, Navratnas up to ₹1,000 crore, while Miniratnas enjoy limited freedom within their sectors.
• The new Ratna tiers will offer a more nuanced approach, enabling CPSEs to emerge as next-generation national champions in areas like energy, infrastructure, and technology.

Uttar Pradesh Declares Formation of 76th District – Kalyan Singh Nagar

• The Government of Uttar Pradesh has approved the creation of a new district named Kalyan Singh Nagar, in memory of former Chief Minister Kalyan Singh, a key figure in the state’s political landscape.
• This new region, the 76th district of Uttar Pradesh, will be carved from tehsils of Aligarh and Bulandshahr.
• The district’s formation aims both to honour the late leader’s legacy and to enhance administrative efficiency in the region.
• Kalyan Singh, who was Chief Minister twice (1991–92 and 1997–99), hailed from Atrauli, which was also his main political base.
• The announcement was made by Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath, who highlighted Singh’s significant contributions to governance and state development.

Logo of National Maritime Heritage Complex (NMHC) Unveiled

• The Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways (MoPSW) revealed the official logo of the National Maritime Heritage Complex (NMHC) during the India Maritime Week 2025 in Mumbai.
• The unveiling marks a key milestone in preserving India’s maritime legacy and promoting it through cultural, educational, and tourism-based initiatives.
• The NMHC, being built at Lothal, Gujarat, aims to become a world-class centre commemorating India’s maritime history while fostering innovation in modern seafaring.
• India’s maritime journey spans over 5,000 years, from the Harappan port of Lothal to the modern global trade network.
• The complex will serve as a knowledge and tourism hub, presenting this rich history to global audiences.
• The logo launch represents the fusion of tradition and modernity, setting the stage for the NMHC to emerge as a premier maritime heritage and education destination.

“Koyla Shakti” Smart Dashboard by Ministry of Coal

• The Ministry of Coal is set to launch “Koyla Shakti – Smart Coal Analytics Dashboard”, a step toward digital transformation in energy governance.
• The dashboard will function as a real-time analytics platform, offering a centralized system for tracking coal production, transportation, and consumption across India.
• It will consolidate information from multiple stakeholders, including coal producers, ports, ministries, and end-users, into one integrated digital interface.
• Through real-time data integration, the system aims to reduce bottlenecks, enhance coordination, and improve decision-making throughout the coal value chain.

Union Agriculture Minister Opens NSC’s Advanced Seed Processing Unit

• The Union Agriculture Minister inaugurated a modern seed processing and packaging facility at the National Seeds Corporation (NSC) located in Pusa Complex, New Delhi.
• The plant focuses on vegetable and flower seeds, with a processing capacity of 1 tonne per hour.
• Alongside, five other NSC plants in Bareilly, Dharwad, Hassan, Suratgarh, and Raichur were virtually inaugurated, each boasting a capacity of 4 tonnes per hour.
• The occasion also saw the introduction of two major digital initiatives:
  • “Seed Management 2.0” – a platform for streamlined operations.
  • An online seed booking portal, allowing farmers to directly purchase seeds.

INTERNATIONAL NEWS

20th East Asia Summit Adopts Kuala Lumpur Declaration

• The 20th East Asia Summit (EAS) convened in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, concluded with the adoption of the Kuala Lumpur Declaration.
• The declaration reaffirmed the EAS’s commitment to fostering regional peace, security, and cooperation.
• It emphasized the importance of sharing information on regional development, security measures, disaster management, and strategic architecture.
• It reiterated the principles of the 2005 Kuala Lumpur Declaration and other previous EAS statements, ensuring continuity in regional commitments.
• Acknowledging challenges such as geopolitical tensions and cross-border threats, it urged collective collaboration.
• The summit retained its leaders-led informal format, allowing high-level strategic dialogue among participating nations.

DEFENCE NEWS

Indian Army to Acquire First Indigenous Software Defined Radios (SDRs)

• The Indian Army has finalized an agreement to procure indigenously designed Software Defined Radios (SDRs), created by the DRDO and produced by Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL).
• These SDRs are equipped with high-speed data transmission and Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) technology, enabling secure, real-time battlefield communication.
• On October 6, 2025, the DRDO, in collaboration with the Integrated Defence Staff (IDS) and Tri-Services, released the Indian Radio Software Architecture (IRSA) Standard 1.0 at DRDO Bhawan, New Delhi.
• IRSA 1.0 establishes standardized interfaces, APIs, and execution environments for waveform portability in SDRs.
• The framework ensures interoperability, certification, and cross-service compatibility across all military communication systems.
• This launch represents a major step toward self-reliance in defence communication, supporting the Atmanirbhar Bharat
• The IRSA project, initiated in 2021 and developed from 2022 onwards, was officially approved by the High-Level Advisory Committee (HLAC) in 2025, making it India’s first standardized SDR software architecture.
• It is designed to evolve with future technologies, supporting scalable upgrades in communication systems.

Passenger Vessel ‘Sindhu’ Completes Historic Voyage to Barren Island

• The passenger vessel ‘Sindhu’ successfully completed its maiden voyage to Barren Island, home to India’s only active volcano, located around 140 km from Port Blair.
• The voyage was inaugurated by Chief Secretary Dr. Chandra Bhushan Kumar from Haddo Wharf, Port Blair.
• The ship carried 500 passengers, including 125 government school students, and reached the island in the early morning of October 25, 2025, offering breathtaking views of the volcano’s red glow at sunrise.
• Passengers were treated to a circular tour of the island, witnessing volcanic activity and panoramic scenery, before returning to Port Blair at 3 p.m.
• This was the first-ever public maritime service to the site, previously restricted to scientists and aerial observers.
• The Andaman and Nicobar Administration plans to organize two such voyages each month to encourage eco-tourism and controlled exploration.
• The vessel provides four cabin classes — Coral Suite, Reef Suite, Island Breeze, and Lagoon Class — priced from ₹3,180 to ₹8,310, with an additional ₹2,000 for meals throughout the trip.

RANKING AND INDEX

NVIDIA, Microsoft, and Apple Enter $4 Trillion Market Cap Club

• In October 2025, NVIDIA, Microsoft, and Apple became the first three companies to surpass the $4 trillion market capitalization
• This achievement highlights the continuing supremacy of the U.S. tech sector, even amid global economic volatility and trade tensions.
• NVIDIA, led by CEO Jensen Huang, was the first to cross $4 trillion, overtaking both Microsoft and Apple earlier in the year.
• Microsoft hit the milestone in July 2025, followed by Apple, which reached it in October 2025 after a record-breaking iPhone 17 launch.
• In the preceding three months, Apple’s stock surged 25%, while Microsoft’s rose 6%.
• Other major players — Alphabet (Google), Meta, Amazon, and Tesla — remain strong contenders in the trillion-dollar club.

Top 10 Most Valuable Companies (October 2025)

1. NVIDIA – $4.894 Trillion (USA)
2. Microsoft – $4.029 Trillion (USA)
3. Apple – $3.992 Trillion (USA)
4. Alphabet (Google) – $3.239 Trillion (USA)
5. Amazon – $2.444 Trillion (USA)
6. Meta Platforms – $1.887 Trillion (USA)
7. Broadcom – $1.761 Trillion (USA)
8. Saudi Aramco – $1.669 Trillion (Saudi Arabia)
9. TSMC – $1.563 Trillion (Taiwan)
10. Tesla – $1.531 Trillion (USA)

India’s Representation

• Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) continues to be India’s most valuable company, ranked 69th globally as of October 2025.
• Its market capitalization stands at $230.69 billion (₹20.36 trillion).
• However, RIL’s global ranking declined from 46th in 2024, mainly due to market volatility and reduced oil margins.

SPORTS NEWS

England Cricketer James Anderson Knighted at Windsor Castle

• Veteran England fast bowler James Anderson was knighted during a ceremony at Windsor Castle, conducted by Princess Anne.
• The honour, part of Rishi Sunak’s resignation honours list (April 2025), recognizes his extraordinary contributions to cricket.
• Anderson, who retired from international cricket in July 2024, played 188 Tests, the most by any pace bowler, amassing 704 wickets — making him:
  • England’s highest Test wicket-taker,
  • The most successful fast bowler in world cricket,
  • And the third-highest overall, behind Muttiah Muralitharan (800) and Shane Warne (708).
• In ODIs, he claimed 269 wickets, still the highest by any English bowler, despite retiring from the format in 2015.
• The knighthood, one of the UK’s highest civilian distinctions, is awarded for outstanding service in fields like arts, science, public life, or sports.
• Recipients are addressed as “Sir” or “Dame”, formally recognized as Knights Bachelor or Order of the British Empire
• Post-retirement, Anderson continued to represent Lancashire in domestic cricket (2024), helping them reach the T20 Finals Day at Edgbaston.
• He also signed a wildcard deal with Manchester Originals in The Hundred and may continue playing in 2025.
• With this honour, Sir James Anderson joins the ranks of elite cricketers knighted for their service, celebrated for his discipline, mentorship, and lasting legacy in world cricket.