📌 One-Liners
- Scroll the categories (they may change daily).
- Read the bold title then the short sub-line for context.
- Watch for acronyms—today’s quiz/notes expand them.
🧠 Mini-Quiz
- Answer the 3 MCQs without peeking.
- Tap Submit to reveal answers and explanations (no JS needed).
- Note why an option is correct—this locks facts into memory.
📒 Short Notes
- Read the 3 compact explainers—each builds on a different topic.
- Use them for a quick recap or add to your personal notes.
- Great for mains/PI: definitions, timelines, and “why it matters”.
🇮🇳 National News
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Bathou Religion Gets Separate Census Code in AssamBathou religion of the Bodo community granted a distinct census code, recognizing its faith centered on the five elements—fire, air, earth, sky, and water.
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Law Ministry Increases Notary Limits in Four StatesNotaries (Amendment) Rules, 2025 effective Oct 17, 2025, raised limits in Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan & Nagaland to expand legal access.
🌍 International News
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US–Australia $8.5B Critical Minerals PactTrump–Albanese agreement invests $8.5 billion to reduce reliance on China for lithium, nickel, and rare earths; includes price floors, mapping, & recycling.
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Sanae Takaichi Becomes Japan’s First Woman PMSanae Takaichi becomes Japan’s first female Prime Minister, pledging Abenomics-style stimulus amid concerns over inflation and public debt.
🏆 Awards
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Masako Nozawa Receives Japan’s Cultural Merit HonorVoice of Son Goku, Masako Nozawa (88), becomes the first voice actor to win Japan’s Persons of Cultural Merit, honoring her 30+ years in anime.
🛡️ Defence
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Rajnath Singh Inaugurates Titanium Plant in LucknowInaugurated ₹1,000 crore Titanium & Superalloy Plant under the UP Defence Corridor, advancing Aatmanirbhar Bharat and aerospace self-reliance.
📰 Others
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India Launches State Mining Readiness IndexFirst-ever SMRI 2025 ranks states on transparency and sustainability; Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Gujarat lead among mineral-rich states.
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Chandrayaan-2 Detects Solar Impact on MoonISRO’s CHACE-2 confirmed solar CME effects on the Moon’s exosphere, showing density surges during a May 2024 solar event.
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India Develops First Indigenous Antibiotic, Advances Gene TherapyIndia unveiled Nafithromycin and achieved 70% success in hemophilia gene therapy, boosting biotech under ANRF and DBT.
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Veteran Actor Asrani Passes Away at 84Govardhan Asrani, famed for his comic brilliance in “Sholay”, dies at 84; remembered for the iconic line “Angrezon ke zamane ke jailer hain.”
🏅 Sports
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Morocco Wins Historic U-20 World CupMorocco defeated Argentina 2–0 to claim its first U-20 World Cup, the first African win since Ghana 2009.
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Verstappen Wins US Grand PrixMax Verstappen clinched victory at the US Grand Prix, tightening the F1 title race against Oscar Piastri and Lando Norris.
🗓️ Important Days (Oct 21)
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Police Commemoration Day – Oct 21Honors 10 policemen martyred in 1959 at Hot Springs, Ladakh; week-long national events commemorate valor and sacrifice.
🧠 Mini-Quiz: Add to Your Knowledge (3 MCQs)
📒 Short Notes: Why Stop at One-Liners?
Bathou Religion — Separate Census Code in Assam Culture & Census
What: Assam granted a distinct census code for the Bathou faith practiced by the Bodo community, which venerates five elements—fire, air, earth, sky & water.
How: By providing a unique entry in the religion field, the Registrar’s enumeration can capture Bathou adherents directly instead of clubbing them under “others”.
Why: Enables accurate demographics for policy and safeguards an indigenous tradition, supporting cultural planning, education content, and minority-welfare programs.
Nafithromycin & Hemophilia Gene Therapy — India’s R&D Push Biotech
What: India unveiled the indigenous antibiotic Nafithromycin and reported ~70% success in early hemophilia gene-therapy efforts.
How: Backed by the ANRF (Anusandhan National Research Foundation) and the DBT (Department of Biotechnology), projects advance trials, vector design, stewardship, and manufacturing capabilities.
Why: Cuts import dependence, addresses AMR (Antimicrobial Resistance), and strengthens the translational pipeline from lab to clinic for complex therapies.
Titanium & Superalloy Plant, Lucknow — UP Defence Corridor Defence Industry
What: A ₹1,000 crore facility was inaugurated to produce titanium and superalloy inputs vital for aerospace & defence platforms.
How: Set up under the Uttar Pradesh Defence Corridor, it localises advanced materials—spanning sponge, mill products and forgings—integrating with domestic supply chains.
Why: Advances Aatmanirbhar Bharat by reducing strategic material imports, improving cost/security, and supporting India’s space, aviation & missile programmes.