India ranks 36th in UNCTAD Tech Readiness 2025 (from 48th). Top in R&D (3rd), GitHub (2nd), AI investment $1.4B. ICT, skills challenges explored.

Supersolid Light breakthrough: Scientists create first-ever light supersolid using polaritons. Published Nature March 2025. Combines solid structure + frictionless flow. Complete exam guide.

ISRO Vikram 3201 & Kalpana 3201 are India’s first indigenous 32-bit space processors. Fabricated at SCL Chandigarh using 180nm CMOS. Vikram tested in PSLV-C60. Complete exam guide.

NASA SPHEREx creates 3D infrared map of 300M+ galaxies. PUNCH uses 4 satellites to track solar wind & CMEs. Both launch 2025 on SpaceX Falcon 9. Complete guide for exams.

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