Agriculture & Development
National Cooperation Policy 2025
The National Cooperation Policy 2025 introduces White Revolution 2.0 to modernize India’s dairy sector through technological and cooperative advancements. The policy also expands cooperatives into new sectors including insurance, tourism, green energy, and taxi services.
International Trade
India-UK Free Trade Agreement
The India-UK FTA signed on July 24, 2025, eliminates duties on 99% of Indian exports to the UK. This landmark agreement significantly enhances India’s export competitiveness in the British market and strengthens bilateral economic ties.
Energy & Environment
20% Ethanol Blending Achievement
India achieved 20% ethanol blending in petrol in 2025, resulting in savings of ₹1.36 lakh crore in foreign exchange, reduction of 698 lakh tonnes of CO₂ emissions, and generating ₹1.18 lakh crore for farmers.
Politics
PM Modi’s Historic Tenure
On July 25, 2025, PM Narendra Modi became India’s second longest-serving Prime Minister with 4,078 consecutive days in office, surpassing Indira Gandhi’s record. Only Jawaharlal Nehru served longer.
Culture & Heritage
Aadi Thiruvathirai Festival 2025
The Aadi Thiruvathirai Festival was held in Tamil Nadu at Gangaikonda Cholapuram to commemorate 1,000 years of Rajendra Chola I’s maritime achievements and temple construction legacy.
Geopolitics
France Recognizes Palestine
France announced it will recognize Palestine in September 2025, becoming the first G7 nation to officially recognize the State of Palestine. This marks a significant diplomatic shift in Middle East policy among major Western economies.
Business & Economy
India’s FDI Inflows Decline
According to the RBI Bulletin, India’s net FDI inflows dropped by 98% in May 2025. The primary reason was increased repatriation of funds (24% rise) combined with an 11% decline in gross inflows.
Defence & Technology
ULPGM-V3 Missile System
The ULPGM-V3 missile features advanced operational capabilities with infrared imaging for precision targeting and a two-way data link. It is designed for UAV-launched missions and operates effectively both day and night.
Science & Space
NASA’s TRACERS Mission
NASA’s TRACERS mission launched in 2025 aims to investigate Earth’s magnetic reconnection in polar cusps. This research is crucial for understanding how Earth’s magnetic field interacts with solar storms, protecting satellites and power grids.